Ring A: 5/20: Calénnawn |
René Uittenbogaard | ||
|
<< Θywǵø | Proto-Drem >> |
CalénnawnTésvo fítro. Ley o gíxe bánxa be qúmpatme zévo spis: Muy dudáyge-qoy! On ifúrti sobésse scu bánxa be qúmpatme zévo spis:
O daróš nalástuduv péðëe cówlo-qoy f-áycibos cor péðëe. |
Smooth TranslationSecond part. Then the priest speaks and says this: Let us pray! The people laugh or speak and say this:
Let the deity called "soul" gain whiteness of soul. |
Translation from Θywǵø
Second part.
Then the priest says this:
Let us pray!
The people laugh or say this:
Let the deity called "soul" gain whiteness of the soul.
Let the deity called "sun" shine upon everyone.
Let the deity called "great fire" not harm them.
Let the deities called "plants" do great [things].
The deity called "moon" works until darkness.
The deity called "sea", let the water be as big as you.
Let the deity called "wind" give wind, for coolness of the head,
so that their clothes may flutter.
Let the deity called "at the tree" give good shadow to them.
Protect them from danger.
Let the deity called "there is goodness" give goodness to them.
Let the deity called "marriage" join them to each other.
Let a short person with a young person lead them to comfort.
Let them join with each other for love, now.
Let them do this good [thing], now, always.
Grammar
- Calénnawn is a pro-drop language, usually with SVO word order.
- $ is an alternative spelling for s-caron (i.e. s-hachek) for non-UTF-8 environments. These represent the same letter (/S/).
- Acute and grave accents denote primary and (in compounds) secondary stress, respectively. Vowels with acute or grave accents are not fundamentally different from the plain vowels, since the stress can shift when words are combined into compound words.
- Adjectives precede the nouns, but can also occur standalone (e.g. the big [one]). Cardinal numerals follow the nouns they belong to, ordinals precede them.
- There are many conjunctions, nearly all of which express that one constituent of the first sentence is identical to one of the constituents in the second sentence. The constituent may be left out from one of the sentences. Example: be (subject of 1st sentence is identical to subject of 2nd)
- The imperative and subjunctive are both formed by suffixing the verb with "-qoy". The imperative then requires the subject to be epistemic, the subjunctive requires a deontic subject:
Sónnti sobésse-qoy! Laugh! Stu sobésse-qoy. May you laugh. - The plural forms of nouns are formed by replacing the vowel in the last syllable with |i|:
fítro part fítri parts - (There are two cases (in this text): nominative and accusative. The noun case is marked on the article.
- All prepositions govern the nominative.
- Verbs have two voices: active and inverse. There are corresponding active and inverse participles, which have different forms depending on whether they are used as adjectives or adverbs.
- Nouns for properties are formed with the properties abstractor (infix) -ib-, infixed between the last CV-pair in the word:
ófer good ófiber goodness - In compound words, the first part is the modifying part: a predicate A-B is a B of type A.
- The absence of an article in the nominative indicates indefiniteness.
- There is no copula "to be": a noun or adjective may be used as predicate directly.
Vocabulary
áffa | adj | dark |
ánteðel | n | plant |
áycos | adj | white |
bóza | v | harm, damage, hurt so. |
búlor | pron | they (3pl, nominative, deontic) |
be | conj | and (see note (5): subject of 1st sentence is identical to subject of 2nd) |
biw | pron | them (3pl, accusative) |
bánxa | v | speak |
bési | pron | they (3pl, nominative, epistemic) |
cówlo | v | gain, win sth. |
cas | pron | someone |
cor | prep | of, belonging to, in any way related to |
cso | adj | cold |
daróš | n | god/deity |
dra | v | accompany |
dudáyge | v | pray |
-duv | adj | -ing (active participle used as adjective) |
ðelc | n | danger |
éynu | n | wind |
éyve | adj | young |
f- | proclitic | (see fh) |
fh /f@/ | art | the (concept/idea/mass/uncountable, accusative) |
fol- | prefix | act of .. (action, gerund) |
fuféltu | v | wave, flutter, fly (of cloth) |
fítro | n | part, segment |
gol | adv | sometime |
gowsínu | v | be like, resemble |
gíxe | n | priest |
h /@/ | art | the (concept/idea/mass/uncountable, nominative) |
húrme | v | work, labour |
hi | adv | not |
hináti | adj | bright |
-ib- | infix | -ness (property abstractor, see note (11)) |
ífna | numeral | all, every |
ifúrta | n | person |
ingúded | name | (proper name: the sun) |
írðo | n | tree |
itánëa | name | (proper name: the moon) |
lúxci | v | give sth. |
ley | conj | and then, next |
lénta | v | protect so/sth. |
máfo | adv | now |
-mor | suffix | -ed (inverse participle used as preposition or adverb) |
muy | pron | we (inclusive, epistemic; nominative) |
nalástu | v | have .. for name, be called .. |
num | prep | away from (abstract) |
o(n) | art | the (nominative, definite, countable) |
ófer | adj | good (agreeable, pleasant, positive) |
órpel | n | piece of clothing |
prohíru | v | be long/big,have measurements .. |
péðëe | n | soul |
qúba | n | water |
qúmpatme | v | say |
qat | prep | until |
qoy | v | do; to make/force/have so. do sth. (also: as enclitic: imperative or subjunctive, see note (6)) |
qána | adj | big, large, great |
sónnti | pron | you (2sg, nominative, epistemic) |
scu | conj | or |
se(n) | art | a (accusative, indefinite, countable) |
smig | n | fire |
sno | conj | and |
so | art | the (accusative, definite, countable) |
sobésse | v | laugh |
spis | pron | it (accusative) |
šálëe | v | join |
sum | prep | towards (abstract) |
supé | prep | towards (concrete) |
sínu | prep | like, compared with |
tes | numeral | two |
traq | pron | each other (accusative) |
úrne | conj | so that |
ušúlu | n | head |
úyxo | n | shadow |
vicípe | adj | comfortable |
viw | poss.pron | their (3pl) |
vála | v | love, be compassionate with |
vérno | n | sea |
-vo | suffix | (makes ordinal from cardinal) |
zévo | adj | this |
Abbreviations
n | noun |
v | verb |
art | article |
adv | adverb |
adj | adjective |
pron | pronoun |
poss.pron | possessive pronoun |
conj | conjunction |
prep | preposition |
postp | postposition |
2sg | 2rd person singular |
3sg | 3rd person singular |
3pl | 3rd person plural |
<< Θywǵø | Proto-Drem >> |