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Ring B: 10/22: Xara |
Jim Taylor | ||
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| << Jovian | Darynese >> |
Xaragur xu fol jalan xu muniran omosmeyer a kelevasme go fenid xaremur. |
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Smooth TranslationAn old religeous couple prepare to get married. They make the following prayer:
“ We are thankful for physical beauty: May it remain with us eternally. |
Grammar
There are no articles, definite or indefinite.
Nouns and pronouns take the suffix –me in the plural Nouns and pronouns decline with the following case endings:
| Nominative | no case ending |
| Accusative | –er (sing.) –yer (pl.) |
| Genitive | –ar (sing.) –yar (pl.) |
| Dative | –ir (sing.) –yir (pl.) |
| Ablative | –ur (sing.) –yur (pl.) |
Prepositions take the nominative case.
Adjectives usually end in –an. They do not use plural or case endings and follow the noun(s) they qualify.
Adverbs usually end in –ol. Note that when this ending is added to nouns denoting time periods (day, morning, night etc.) the meaning is slightly different from the english ‘day-ly’ etc. eg. ‘fol-ol’ – ‘in the day, by day’.
Verbs are made up of a tense indicator followed by the verb stem with the pronoun ending attached as a suffix.
The following tense indicators are used in this text:
| a | (present tense) |
| da | (conditional tense) |
| ja | (imperative) |
| The | following pronoun endings are used in this text: |
| -isme | (first person plural) |
| -as | (third person singular) |
| -asme | (third person plural) |
Often the tense indicator is preceeded by a mood indicator. The verb stem on its own acts as the infinitive. The mood indicator ‘si’ is used in two ways:
| 1) to show continuous action |
| 2) in all relative clauses (whether the action is continuous or not) |
Word oder is as follows:
object (adjective) – subject (adjective) – verb – adverb/ relative clause
Note that the realtive clause always follows the main verb, even though the subject of the realtive clause may be different from the subject of the main first clause (indeed the subject of the relative clause is often the object in the main first clause! – context and verb endings usually clarify what the word ‘xeye’ refers to).
Vocabulary
| a | present tense indicator |
| afol | today (adv.) |
| da | conditional tense indicator |
| daru | so be it, amen (excl.) |
| doger | die (v.) |
| dogereyil | destruction, ruin (n.) |
| dukan | shadow, shade (n.) |
| dukoled | night (n.) |
| falerim | trip, journey (n.) |
| faloran | corporal, physical (adj.) |
| fenid | join (v.) |
| fol | woman, four, day (n.) |
| fujad | wind (n.) |
| geon | always (adv.) |
| go | to, in order to (conj.) |
| gur | man (n.) |
| hamolan | favourable (adj.) |
| is | first person (pron.) |
| ja | imperative indicator |
| jalan | good (adj.) |
| jevil | fertility (n.) |
| jilan | good (adj.) |
| jiyed | allow, let (v.) |
| kar | water (n.) |
| kelebol | harvest (n.) |
| kelev | prepare, ready (v.) |
| kox | give (v.) |
| lan | child (n.) |
| melen | moon (n.) |
| milonasme | say, tell (v.) |
| muniran | pious, religious (adj.) |
| munirev | pray (v.) |
| munirevil | prayer (n.) |
| nafol | tomorrow (adv.) |
| omos | reflexive pronoun |
| or | be (v.) |
| oxid | fire (n.) |
| par | do, make (v.) |
| ralaj | avoid (v.) |
| rojo | for, because of (prep.) |
| rumas | stay, remain (v.) |
| sean | this, that (adj.) |
| semel | begin (v.) |
| sereyed | grace (n.) |
| sereyid | virtue (n.) |
| si | progressive/ relative mood indicator |
| sifelin | bring (v.) |
| sojaran | thankful (adj.) |
| sudel | hope (v.) |
| tinovaj | tree (n.) |
| tovil | road, path (n.) |
| tugeyul | ship (n.) |
| umos | reciprocal pronoun |
| xarem | marriage (n.) |
| xarev | luck, fortune (n.) |
| xe | that (conj.) |
| xelen | sun (n.) |
| xemej | beauty (n.) |
| xeye | which, who (relative pronoun) |
| xinov | weather, climate (n.) |
| xo | with (prep.) |
| xore | love (v.) |
| xu | and (conj.) |
| xu ... xu | both ... and (conj.) |
| yo | without |
| << Jovian | Darynese >> |
